The Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) of the United States Department of Commerce announced this Monday (13.01.2025/XNUMX/XNUMX) the implementation of New controls to regulate the export of advanced chips and certain closed models of artificial intelligence (AI)The measures include license exceptions and updates for validated end users, with the goal of protecting national security and foreign policy, while fostering a safe and responsible technological ecosystem, aligned with the Biden-Harris Administration's strategy.
"This policy will help build a trusted technology ecosystem around the world and allow us to protect against national security risks associated with AI, while ensuring that controls do not stifle U.S. innovation or technological leadership..”, said the U.S. Secretary of Commerce Gina Raimondo. For his part, National Security Advisor Jake Sullivan stressed the importance of keeping advanced AI training infrastructure under the control of the US and its allies, ensuring its responsible use globally.
According to Under Secretary Alan F. Estevez and Acting Deputy Secretary Matthew Borman, the measures are intended to prevent the misuse of the technology in military applications while promoting its development for civilian purposes among trusted partners.
To this end, the new framework regulates the export of advanced computer chips through three pillars:
- Update of controls: Authorization requirements for exports, re-exports and transfers of chips are expanded to a greater number of countries. However, exceptions are introduced to ensure the flow of trade without compromising national security.
- License exceptions:
- Allies and Partners (AIA): Allows exports to allied countries without prior authorization.
- Supply Chains (ACM): Authorizes chip development, production and storage activities, excluding countries with arms embargoes.
- Low Volume (LPP): Facilitates global exports of small quantities, with the same restrictions.
- End User Validation (EUV) Program Update:
- Universal VEUs (UVEUs): Allows U.S. and allied entities to build data centers globally without additional authorizations.
- National VEUs (NVEU): Authorizes entities outside embargoed countries to build data centers in specific locations without further permission.
The new restrictions will not apply to key destinations such as Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Republic of Korea, Spain, Sweden, Taiwan, and the United Kingdom, as specified in Supplement No. 5 to Part 740 of the regulations.
The new rules will take effect within 120 days, US authorities said.
Reactions of the European Union
The European Union itself expressed its concern about the measures announced on Monday. In a joint statement, the Executive Vice President Henna Virkkunen and Commissioner Maroš Šefčovič They highlighted the potential economic and security risks that could affect transatlantic cooperation.
"It is in the economic and security interest of the United States that the EU can acquire advanced AI chips without restrictions.“These officials said, emphasizing that close security cooperation makes the EU an economic opportunity for the US, not a threat.
The EU has already raised its concerns with the US administration and expressed its willingness to engage in dialogue with future administrations to ensure the continuity of a secure supply chain for AI technology.
"We are confident that we will find a solution that benefits our businesses and citizens on both sides of the Atlantic.", they concluded.
(Statement from the Biden-Harris Administration) (Joint statement by Executive Vice-President Henna Virkkunen and Commissioner Maroš Šefčovič)
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